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Molybdenum electrodes

The glass industry is a major consumer of metallic molybdenum. Experience has shown molybdenum to be a superior material for electric heating during smelting of glass and basalt. This industry's use of molybdenum in the form of electrodes is conditioned by the following characteristics of the material:

  • high elasticity modulus, resistance to plastic deformation and sufficient tensile strenght at the melting temperatures of glass and basalt;
  • good heat conductivity;
  • a low coefficient of heat expansion;
  • resistance to corrosion in molten solutions;
  • no influence on the color or transparency of glass;
  • good machinability.

Mo99.95-PM electrodes are used in electric furnaces to smelt container and flat glass, technical glass, and basalt. Smelting glass and basalt in electric furnaces makes it possible to conduct the boiling process with greater productivity.
The chemical purity of electrode material (99.95% Mo) and the special program of temperature-deformation processing of stock used at JSC POLEMA allows to get products with high density and resistance to creeping (deformation) at the working temperatures for glass boiling.

Characteristics

Electrodes are delivered in annealed condition in the form of tooled rods or  plates based on drawings agreed upon with the client.

Based on the order, electrodes can be produced with connective threads.

Electrode density is > 99%, and Vickers hardness HV 10 ranges from 160 to 210.

To increase resistance to creeping (bending, deformation), the average grain size of the microstructure of electrodes upon delivery is set within the range from 50 to 300 microns.

Dimensions of Mo99.95-PM electrodes
Electrode type Diameter,
mm
Tolerances,
mm
Roughness Ra Length tolerances,
mm
Turned From 25 to 30 ± 0.26 2.5  <± 6.35
> 35 to 50 ± 0.31 2.5
> 50 to 80 ± 0.37 2.5
Grinded From 25 and more ± 0.08 1.25

Electrode lengths and diameters of more than 80 mm are set based on client`s request.

Guaranteed chemical composition of Mo99.95-PM electrodes
Grade Mo,% Impurities, ppm, maximum
O N C Fe Al Ni Si Mg Na K Ca W
 M99.95-PM  >99.95 70 50 100 100 30 50 50 20 30 80 40 130
∑Fe, Si, Ni, Al, W, Mg, Na, K, Ca <400
Total content of metallic impurities <500

Sample chemical composition of Mo99.95-PM electrodes of various diameters
Electrode
dimensions
Mo, % Impurities, ppm
O N C Fe Al Ni Si Mg Na K Ca W
Ø48x1000  >99.95 60 20 27 44 10 10 10 10 10 30 10 130
Ø50.8x631 40 20 50 43 10 10 10 10 10 20 10 115
Ø63x1000 70 20 14 37 10 10 10 10 10 30 10 130

The structure of a Mo99.95-PM large-grain electrode, which ensures high resistance to creeping

Advantages:

  • high purity of the material;
  • minimal content of interstitial impurities;
  • maximal density;
  • homogenous structure throughout the entire length;
  • high tensile strength and operating endurance;
  • lack of effect on the color and transparency of glass;
  • good machinability.